This is an 18-day protocol, starting from cell expansion to

cardiomyocytes differentiation. Through the differentiation pro-

cess, take 1 mL of sample from the MC spinner culture daily to

measure cell number, viability, and aggregate sizes, as described in

Subheading 3.3.3.

1. Expand hiPSCs in MC spinner culture as described in Subhead-

ing 3.3.

2. After 6 days of expansion, wash the MC suspension twice with

20 mL of DPBS() using a serological pipet in the spinner flask

(see Note 11).

3. Add 50 mL of RPMI/B27-IN containing the optimal concen-

tration of CHIR determined in Subheading 3.2. Incubate the

culture for 24 h in static conditions.

4. Day 1: After 24 h, wash the culture two times with 20 mL of

fresh RPMI/B27-IN, using a 25-mL serological pipet (see Note

11), and incubate for another 24 h under agitation on the

magnetic stirrer with 25–30 rpm in CO2 incubator.

5. Day 2: Aspirate the spent media and gently add 50 mL of

RPMI/B27-IN containing 2.5 μM of IWR-1 [3, 7], then incu-

bate for 48 h in static conditions until day 4.

8. Day 4: Aspirate the spent media and gently add 50 mL of fresh

RPMI/B27-IN. Thereafter, conduct 50% media change (i.e.,

25 mL) with RPMI/B27-IN daily until day 12. As mentioned

earlier, remember to take 1 mL of sample from the MC spinner

culture daily to measure cell number, viability, and aggregate

sizes (see Note 17).

9. Day 12: Apart from taking 1 mL of sample for cell counting and

aggregates imaging, take another 10 mL of sample from the

spinner culture for flow cytometry to determine the expression

of cTnT cardiac marker (see Table 1). Briefly, dissociate the cells

from MC as described in Subheading 3.3.4 (see Note 18) and

perform flow cytometry with anti-human cTnT antibody, as

Fig. 4 The cardiac differentiation process in a spinner culture

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Valerie Ho et al.